Ubuchwepheshe obusetshenziswa manje obusetshenziswa kakhulu endlini buhlanganisa ubuchwepheshe be-ultrasonic, ubuchwepheshe be-infrared, i-ultra-wideband (UWB), i-radio frequency identification (RFID), i-Zig-Bee, i-Wlan, ukulandelela okubonakalayo nokubeka indawo, ukuma kokuxhumana kweselula, ukuma kwe-Bluetooth, nokuma kwe-geomagnetic.
Ukuma kwe-Ultrasound
Ukunemba kokuma kwe-Ultrasound kungafinyelela amasentimitha, kepha ukuncishiswa kwe-ultrasonic kubalulekile, kuthinta uhla olusebenzayo lokuma.
Ukuma kwe-infrared
Ukuma kwe-infrared ukunemba kungafinyelela ku-5 ~ 10 m. Kodwa-ke, ukukhanya kwe-infrared kuvinjwa kalula izinto noma izindonga kunqubo yokudlulisa, futhi ibanga lokudlulisela lifushane. Uhlelo lokumisa lunezinga eliphezulu lobunkimbinkimbi futhi ukusebenza kahle nokusebenza kusahlukile kobunye ubuchwepheshe.
Ukuma kwe-UWB
Ukuma kwe-UWB, ukunemba ngokuvamile akudluli ku-15 cm. Nokho, ayikavuthwa. Inkinga enkulu ukuthi uhlelo lwe-UWB luthatha umkhawulokudonsa ophezulu futhi lungase luphazamise ezinye izinhlelo zokuxhumana ezingenazintambo ezikhona.
Ukuma kwangaphakathi kwe-RFID
Ukunemba kokuma kwangaphakathi kwe-RFID kungu-1 kuya ku-3 m. Okubi yilezi: ivolumu yokuhlonza incane kakhulu, idinga insiza ethile yokuhlonza, indima yebanga, ayinawo amandla okuxhumana, futhi akulula ukuhlanganisa kwezinye izinhlelo.
Ukuma kwe-Zigbee
Ukunemba kokubeka indawo yobuchwepheshe be-Zigbee kungafinyelela kumamitha. Ngenxa yemvelo eyinkimbinkimbi yasendlini, kunzima kakhulu ukusungula imodeli yokusabalalisa enembile. Ngakho-ke, ukunemba kokuma kobuchwepheshe bokubeka i-ZigBee kulinganiselwe kakhulu.
Ukuma kwe-WLAN
Ukunemba kokuma kwe-WLAN kungafinyelela ku-5 kuya ku-10 m. Isistimu yokubeka i-WiFi inobubi njengezindleko eziphezulu zokufakwa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla okukhulu, okuvimbela ukuthengiswa kobuchwepheshe bokubeka endaweni yasendlini. Ukunemba kokuma okujwayelekile kokuma kokulandela ukukhanya kungu-2 kuya ku-5 m. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yezici zayo, ukuze kuzuzwe ubuchwepheshe obunembayo bokumisa i-optical, kufanele ifakwe izinzwa ze-optical, futhi ukuqondisa kwenzwa kuphakeme. Ukunemba kokuma kwendawo yokuxhumana nomakhalekhukhwini akuphezulu, futhi ukunemba kwakho kuncike ekusabalaliseni iziteshi eziyisisekelo zamaselula kanye nobukhulu bokufakwa.
Ukunemba kokuma kwe ukuma kwe-geomagnetic kungcono kuno-30 m. Izinzwa kazibuthe ziyizici ezibalulekile ezinquma ukuzulazula kwe-geomagnetic kanye nokuma. Amamephu ereferensi kazibuthe emvelo anembile kanye nolwazi oluthembekile lukazibuthe oluhambisana nama-algorithms nakho kubaluleke kakhulu. Izindleko eziphezulu zezinzwa ze-geomagnetic ezinemba okuphezulu zivimbela ukuthandwa kokuma kwe-geomagnetic.
Ukuma kwe-Bluetooth
Ubuchwepheshe bokumisa i-Bluetooth bufanele ukukala amabanga amafushane kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi. Isetshenziswa kakhulu endaweni yobubanzi obuncane ngokunemba kwe-1 kuya ku-3 m, futhi inokuphepha okusesilinganisweni nokuthembeka. Amadivayisi e-Bluetooth mancane ngosayizi futhi kulula ukuwahlanganisa kuma-PDA, ama-PC, nomakhalekhukhwini, ngakho aziwa kalula. Kumakhasimende ahlanganise amadivaysi eselula anikwe amandla i-Bluetooth, inqobo nje uma umsebenzi we-Bluetooth wedivayisi uvuliwe, isistimu yokuma yasendlini ye-Bluetooth inganquma indawo. Uma usebenzisa lobu buchwepheshe ekumiseni ibanga elifushane endlini, kulula ukuthola idivayisi futhi ukudluliswa kwesignali akuthintwa ulayini wokubona. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izindlela ezimbalwa ezidumile zokubeka endlini, kusetshenziswa amandla aphansi i-Bluetooth 4. 0 Indlela evamile yokumisa yasendlini inezici zezindleko eziphansi, uhlelo olulula lokusebenzisa, ukusabela okusheshayo nezinye izici zobuchwepheshe, kanye nabakhiqizi bemishini ephathwayo ye-Bluetooth 4. 0 The ukukhuthazwa kokucaciswa okujwayelekile kuholele kumathuba angcono okuthuthukiswa.
Selokhu kwamenyezelwa izinga le-Bluetooth 1, kube khona izindlela ezahlukahlukene ezisuselwe kubuchwepheshe be-Bluetooth bokumisa endlini, okuhlanganisa indlela esuselwe ekutholweni kobubanzi, indlela esuselwe kumodeli yokusabalalisa isignali, kanye nendlela esekelwe ekufanisweni kwezigxivizo zeminwe zenkundla. . Indlela esuselwe ekutholweni kobubanzi inokunemba kokuma okuphansi futhi ukunemba kokuma kungu-5~10 m, futhi ukunemba kwendawo cishe ku-3 m ngokususelwe kumodeli yokusabalalisa isignali, nokunemba kwendawo okusekelwe ekufanisweni kwezigxivizo zeminwe zenkambu ngu-2~3. m.
Ukuma kwebhikhoni
Ama-iBeacons asekelwe ku-Bluetooth 4.0 BLE (Bluetooth Low Energy). Ngokukhishwa kobuchwepheshe be-BLE ku-Bluetooth 4.0 kanye nokuphuma okuqinile kwe-Apple, izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-iBeacons seziwubuchwepheshe obushisa kakhulu. Kulezi zinsuku, ama-hardware amaningi ahlakaniphile aseqalile ukusekela ukusetshenziswa kwe-BLE, ikakhulukazi omakhalekhukhwini abasanda kufakwa ohlwini, futhi i-BLE isibe ukucushwa okujwayelekile. Ngakho-ke, ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe be-BLE ekumiseni omakhalekhukhwini endlini sekuphenduke indawo eshisayo yezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-LBS zasendlini. Endleleni yokuma ye-Bluetooth, indlela esekelwe kumandla wenkundla ukufanisa izigxivizo zeminwe inokunemba okuphezulu kakhulu futhi isetshenziswa kakhulu.
