Wazalwa ngo-1997, i-Wi-Fi inefuthe kubomi bomntu kakhulu kunaye nawuphi na umntu odumileyo weGen Z. Ukukhula okuzinzile kunye nokuvuthwa kuye kwakhulula ngokuthe ngcembe uxhulumaniso lwenethiwekhi ukusuka kulawulo lwamandulo lweentambo kunye neziqhagamshelo ukuya kwinqanaba lokuba ukufikelela kwi-intanethi ye-intanethi ye-wireless-into engenakucingwa ngeentsuku zokudayela-ihlala ithathwa njengento.
Ndimdala ngokwaneleyo ukuba ndikhumbule ukucofa okwanelisayo apho iplagi ye-RJ45 ibonise uqhagamshelo oluyimpumelelo kwi-intanethi eyandayo. Kule mihla andinayo imfuneko encinci yee-RJ45s, kwaye abafikisayo abakwi-tech-saturated endibaziyo banokungabazi ubukho babo.
Kwiminyaka ye-60 kunye ne-70s, i-AT & T yavelisa iinkqubo zokudityaniswa kweemodyuli ukuze zithathe indawo yezixhumi zefowuni ezinkulu. Ezi sistim kamva zandiswa ukuze zibandakanye i-RJ45 yothungelwano lwekhompyutha
Ukukhethwa kwe-Wi-Fi phakathi kwabemi ngokubanzi ayimangalisi kwaphela; Iintambo ze-Ethernet zibonakala ngathi zinobuqhetseba xa kuthelekiswa nokusebenziseka okumangalisayo kwee-wireless. Kodwa njengenjineli echaphazelekayo ngokusebenza kwe-datalink, ndisayibona i-Wi-Fi njengengaphantsi kuqhagamshelwano oluneentambo. Ngaba i-802.11 iza kuzisa i-Wi-Fi inyathelo-okanye mhlawumbi nokutsiba-kufutshane nokususa ngokupheleleyo i-Ethernet?
Intshayelelo emfutshane kwiMigangatho yeWi-Fi: iWi-Fi 6 kunye neWi-Fi 7
I-Wi-Fi 6 ligama elipapashiweyo le-IEEE 802.11ax. Ivunywe ngokupheleleyo ekuqaleni kuka-2021, kwaye ixhamle kwiminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amabini yophuculo oluqokelelweyo kwiprotocol ye-802.11, i-Wi-Fi 6 ngumgangatho owoyikekayo ongabonakali njengomgqatswa wokutshintshwa ngokukhawuleza.
Iposti yebhlog evela kwiQualcomm ishwankathela iWi-Fi 6 “njengengqokelela yeempawu kunye neeprothokholi ezijolise ekuqhubeni idatha eninzi kangangoko kunokwenzeka kwizixhobo ezininzi ngaxeshanye.” I-Wi-Fi 6 yazisa izakhono ezahlukeneyo eziphucukileyo eziphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokwandisa ukutyhutyha, kubandakanywa i-multiplexing-domain-multiplexing, i-uplink yabasebenzisi abaninzi be-MIMO, kunye nokuqhekeka okuguquguqukayo kweepakethi zedatha.
I-Wi-Fi 6 idibanisa i-OFDMA (i-orthogonal frequency division multiple access) itekhnoloji, eyandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-spectral kwiindawo ezinabasebenzisi abaninzi.
Kutheni, ke, iqela elisebenzayo le-802.11 sele lisendleleni yokuphuhlisa umgangatho omtsha? Kutheni sele sibona izihloko malunga nedemo yokuqala ye-Wi-Fi 7? Nangona ukuqokelela kwayo iteknoloji yerediyo ye-state-of-the-art, i-Wi-Fi 6 ibonwa, ubuncinci kwiindawo ezithile, njengento ephantsi kwizinto ezimbini ezibalulekileyo: izinga ledatha kunye ne-latency.
Ngokuphucula kwireyithi yedatha kunye nokusebenza kwe-latency ye-Wi-Fi 6, abaqulunqi be-Wi-Fi 7 banethemba lokuhambisa ngokukhawuleza, okugudileyo, amava athembekileyo omsebenzisi asafumaneka ngokulula ngeentambo ze-Ethernet.
Amaxabiso eDatha vs. Ukubambezeleka ngokunxulumene neeProtokholi zeWi-Fi
I-Wi-Fi 6 ixhasa amazinga okuhanjiswa kwedatha asondela kwi-10 Gbps. Nokuba oku "kulungile ngokwaneleyo" ngengqiqo epheleleyo ngumbuzo ophantsi kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ngengqiqo, amanani edatha ye-Wi-Fi 6 ayilulanga ngokufanelekileyo: I-Wi-Fi 5 iphumelele ukunyuka kwewaka lepesenti kwizinga ledatha xa kuthelekiswa neyandulelayo, ngelixa i-Wi-Fi 6 inyuse izinga ledatha ngaphantsi kwamashumi amahlanu eepesenti. xa kuthelekiswa neWi-Fi 5.
Ireyithi yedatha yethiyori ngokuqinisekileyo ayiyondlela ebanzi yokulinganisa "isantya" soqhagamshelo lwenethiwekhi, kodwa kubalulekile ngokwaneleyo ukuba ufanele ukuhoywa ngokusondeleyo kwabo banoxanduva lwempumelelo yorhwebo eqhubekayo ye-Wi-Fi.
Ukuthelekisa izizukulwana ezithathu ezidlulileyo zeprotocol zenethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi
Ukubambezeleka njengengqikelelo jikelele ibhekisa kulibaziseko phakathi kwegalelo kunye nempendulo.
Kumxholo woqhagamshelo lwenethiwekhi, ukubambezeleka okugqithisileyo kunokuthomalalisa amava omsebenzisi kangangoko (okanye nangaphezulu) izinga ledatha elilinganiselweyo—uthumelo olukhawulezayo olukhawulezayo lwenqanaba alikuncedi kakhulu ukuba kufuneka ulinde imizuzwana emihlanu phambi kwephepha lewebhu. iqala ukulayisha. I-latency ibaluleke kakhulu kwizicelo zexesha lokwenyani ezifana nenkomfa yevidiyo, inyani yenyani, imidlalo, kunye nolawulo lwezixhobo ezikude. Abasebenzisi banomonde ongaka kwiividiyo ezinqabileyo, imidlalo ye-laggy, kunye ne-dilatory machine interfaces.
Ireyithi yedatha yeWi-Fi 7 kunye neLatency
Ingxelo yoGunyaziso lweProjekthi ye-IEEE 802.11be ibandakanya zombini ireyithi eyandisiweyo yedatha kunye nokuncipha kwexesha lokulinda njengeenjongo ezicacileyo. Makhe sijonge ngakumbi kwezi ndlela zimbini zokuphucula.
Ireyithi yeDatha kunye neQuadrature Amplitude Modulation
Abayili be-Wi-Fi 7 bafuna ukubona ubuninzi be-throughput ubuncinane be-30 Gbps. Asazi ukuba zeziphi iimpawu kunye nobuchule eziya kudityaniswa kumgangatho ogqityiweyo we-802.11be, kodwa abanye abona baviwa bathembisayo ngokunyusa izinga ledatha ngama-320 MHz ububanzi betshaneli, ukusebenza kwamakhonkco amaninzi, kunye ne-4096-QAM yokumodareyitha.
Ngokufikelela kwimithombo ye-spectrum eyongezelelweyo ukusuka kwibhendi ye-6 GHz, i-Wi-Fi inokwandisa ububanzi besiteshi ukuya kwi-320 MHz. Ububanzi besitishi obungama-320 MHz bonyusa ubuninzi bebhanwidth kunye nenqanaba ledatha yethiyori ngeyona nto imbini xa kuthelekiswa neWi-Fi 6.
Kumsebenzi wamakhonkco amaninzi, izikhululo zabathengi ezininzi ezinamakhonkco azo zisebenza ngokudibeneyo "njengezixhobo ezininzi zekhonkco" ezinojongano olunye ukuya kumaleko olawulo olunengqiqo lwenethiwekhi. I-Wi-Fi 7 iya kuba nokufikelela kwiibhendi ezintathu (2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, kunye ne-6 GHz); Isixhobo se-Wi-Fi 7 esinamakhonkco amaninzi sinokuthumela kwaye sifumane idatha ngaxeshanye kumaqela amaninzi. Umsebenzi odibanisa izinto ezininzi unakho ukonyuka okukhulu kweziphumo, kodwa ubandakanya imingeni ebalulekileyo yophumezo.
Kwi-multi-link operation, i-multi-link device inedilesi enye ye-MAC nangona ibandakanya ngaphezu kwe-STA enye (emele isikhululo, esithetha isixhobo sokunxibelelana esinjengelaptop okanye i-smartphone)
I-QAM imele i-quadrature amplitude modulation. Esi sikimu sokumodareyitha se-I/Q apho iindibaniselwano ezithile zesigaba kunye ne-amplitude zihambelana nokulandelelana kokubini. Singakwazi (kwithiyori) ukwandisa inani leebhithi ezithunyelwa kwisimboli nganye ngokwandisa inani lenqanaba / amanqaku e-amplitude kwi-"constellation" yenkqubo (jonga umzobo ongezantsi).
Lo ngumzobo weenkwenkwezi we-16-QAM. Isangqa ngasinye kwinqwelomoya entsonkothileyo simele isigaba/i-amplitude indibaniselwano ehambelana nenani lokubini elichazwe kwangaphambili
I-Wi-Fi 6 isebenzisa i-1024-QAM, exhasa iibhithi ezili-10 kwisimboli (kuba 2^10 = 1024). Ngokumodareyitha kwe-4096-QAM, inkqubo inokuhambisa iibhithi ezili-12 kwisimboli ngasinye-ukuba inokufikelela kwi-SNR eyaneleyo kumamkeli ukuze ikwazi ukuthotywa ngempumelelo.
Wi-Fi 7 Iimpawu zeLatency:
Umaleko we-MAC kunye noMaleko we-PHY
Umda wokusebenza okuthembekileyo kwezicelo zexesha langempela yi-latency ye-5-10 ms embi kakhulu; I-latencies ephantsi njenge-1 ms iluncedo kwezinye iimeko zokusetyenziswa. Ukufumana ukubambezeleka oku kuphantsi kwindawo ye-Wi-Fi ayingomsebenzi olula.
Iimpawu ezisebenza kuzo zombini i-MAC (ulawulo lofikelelo oluphakathi) kunye ne-physical layer (PHY) iya kunceda ukuzisa ukusebenza kwe-Wi-Fi 7 latency kwi-sub-10 ms realm. Ezi ziquka iindawo ezininzi zofikelelo olulungelelanisiweyo, uthungelwano oluthatha ixesha, kunye nokusebenza kwamakhonkco amaninzi.
Iimpawu eziphambili zeWi-Fi 7
Uphando lwakutsha nje lubonisa ukuba i-multi-link aggregation, edityaniswe ngaphakathi kwesihloko esibanzi sokusebenza kwe-multi-link, inokuba luncedo ekwenzeni i-Wi-Fi 7 ikwazi ukwanelisa iimfuno ze-latency zezicelo zexesha langempela.
Ikamva le-Wi-Fi 7?
Asazi okwangoku ukuba i-Wi-Fi 7 iya kujongeka njani, kodwa ngokungathandabuzekiyo iya kubandakanya ubugcisa obutsha beRF obunomtsalane kunye nobuchule bokwenza idatha. Ngaba yonke i-R&D iyakuxabisa? Ngaba i-Wi-Fi 7 iya kuyiguqula inethiwekhi engenazingcingo kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo ithintele iingenelo ezimbalwa eziseleyo zeentambo ze-Ethernet? Zive ukhululekile ukwabelana ngeengcinga zakho kwicandelo lamagqabaza apha ngezantsi.
