Akazvarwa muna 1997, Wi-Fi yakapesvedzera hupenyu hwevanhu zvakanyanya kupfuura chero mukurumbira weGen Z. Kukura kwayo kwakadzikama uye kukura kwave kusunungura zvishoma nezvishoma kubatana kwetiweki kubva kuhutongi hwekare hwetambo uye zvibatanidza kusvika padanho rekuti wireless Broadband Internet access-chimwe chinhu chisingafungidzike mumazuva e-dial-up-chinowanzotorwa sechisina basa.
Ndakura zvekukwanisa kurangarira kudzvanya kunogutsa uko RJ45 plug yairatidza kubatana kwakabudirira kune iri kukurumidza kuwedzera online akasiyana. Mazuva ano handichada maRJ45s, uye vechidiki vane tekinoroji yevanozivana neni vangave vasingazivi nezvehupenyu hwavo.
Muma60s uye 70s, AT&T yakagadzira modular yekubatanidza masisitimu kutsiva mahombe efoni ekubatanidza. Aya masisitimu akazowedzerwa kuti asanganise iyo RJ45 yecomputer network
Kusarudzika kweWi-Fi pakati peruzhinji hazvishamise; Tambo dzeEthernet dzinoita sedzakashata kana zvichienzaniswa nekunaka kwekunaka kwewaya. Asi seinjiniya ane hanya nekungoita datalink kuita, ini ndichiri kuona Wi-Fi seyakaderera kune yekubatanidza waya. Ko 802.11 ichaunza Wi-Fi nhanho-kana pamwe kunyange kusvetuka-pedyo nekubvisa zvachose Ethernet?
Nhanganyaya Pfupi kune Wi-Fi Standards: Wi-Fi 6 uye Wi-Fi 7
Wi-Fi 6 izita rakashambadzirwa reIEEE 802.11ax. Yakatenderwa zvizere mukutanga kwa2021, uye nekubatsirwa kubva kune anopfuura makore makumi maviri ekuvandudza kwakaunganidzwa mu802.11 protocol, Wi-Fi 6 chiyero chinotyisa chisingaratidzike semumiriri wekutsiva nekukurumidza.
A blog post kubva kuQualcomm inopfupisa Wi-Fi 6 se "muunganidzwa wezvimiro uye mapuroteni ane chinangwa chekutyaira data rakawanda sezvinobvira kune akawanda madivayiri sezvinobvira panguva imwe chete." Wi-Fi 6 yakaunza hunyanzvi hwakasiyana hwepamberi hunovandudza kushanda nesimba uye kuwedzera kubuda, kusanganisira frequency-domain multiplexing, uplink yakawanda-mushandisi MIMO, uye kupatsanurwa kwesimba kwemapaketi edata.
Wi-Fi 6 inosanganisira OFDMA (orthogonal frequency division multiple access) tekinoroji, iyo inowedzera spectral kunyatsoshanda munzvimbo dzevashandisi vakawanda.
Sei, zvino, boka rinoshanda re802.11 ratova mugwara rekugadzira chiyero chitsva? Sei isu tave kutoona misoro nezve yekutanga Wi-Fi 7 demo? Kunyangwe kuunganidzwa kwayo kweiyo-ye-the-art matekinoroji eredhiyo, Wi-Fi 6 inoonekwa, ingangoita mune mamwe makota, seyakaomesesa muzvinhu zviviri zvakakosha: data rate uye latency.
Nekuvandudza pachiyero che data uye latency kuita kweWi-Fi 6, vagadziri veWi-Fi 7 vanotarisira kuendesa iyo inokurumidza, yakatsetseka, yakavimbika mushandisi ruzivo iyo ichiri kuwanikwa nyore nyore netambo dzeEthernet.
Data Rates vs. Latencies Nezve Wi-Fi Protocols
Wi-Fi 6 inotsigira data kutapurirana mitengo kusvika gumi Gbps. Kunyangwe ichi "chakanaka zvakakwana" mupfungwa yakakwana mubvunzo une musoro. Nekudaro, mune imwe pfungwa, Wi-Fi 10 data mareti anoshaikwa zvine hungwaru: Wi-Fi 6 yakawana imwe-chiuru-muzana yekuwedzera muyero yedata kana ichienzaniswa neyakatangira, nepo Wi-Fi 5 yakawedzera dhata isingasviki makumi mashanu muzana. ichienzaniswa neWi-Fi 6.
Iyo theoretical stream data rate haisi nzira yakazara yekuenzanisa iyo "kumhanya" kwenetiweki yekubatanidza, asi zvakakosha zvakakwana kuti zvikodzere kutariswa kweavo vane chekuita nekubudirira kwekutengesa kweWi-Fi.
Kuenzanisa kwezvizvarwa zvitatu zvakapfuura zveWi-Fi network protocol
Latency seyakajairwa pfungwa inoreva kunonoka pakati pekupinda nemhinduro.
Mumamiriro ezvinhu ekubatanidza netiweki, kuwandisa latency kunogona kukanganisa ruzivo rwemushandisi zvakanyanya se (kana kutopfuura) chiyero che data shoma-kupisa-kukurumidza-kukurumidza kufambisa-level kufambisa hakubatsire zvakanyanya kana uchifanira kumirira masekondi mashanu pamberi pewebhu peji. inotanga kurodha. Latency inonyanya kukosha kune chaiyo-nguva zvikumbiro senge vhidhiyo musangano, chaiyo chaiyo, mutambo wemitambo, uye kure kure kudzora midziyo. Vashandisi vanongove nemoyo murefu wakawanda wemavhidhiyo anotsvedza, mitambo yakashata, uye dilatory muchina nzvimbo.
Wi-Fi 7's Data Rate uye Latency
Iyo Project Authorization Report yeIEEE 802.11be inosanganisira ese ari maviri akawedzera data rate uye kuderedzwa latency sezvinangwa zvakajeka. Ngatitarisei zvakanyanya kune idzi nzira mbiri dzekusimudzira.
Data Rate uye Quadrature Amplitude Modulation
Vagadziri veWi-Fi 7 vanoda kuona huwandu hwepamusoro hweinenge 30 Gbps. Hatizive kuti ndeapi maficha uye matekiniki achabatanidzwa muyakagadziriswa 802.11be chiyero, asi vamwe vevanonyanya kuvimbisa vakwikwidzi vekuwedzera data chiyero 320 MHz chiteshi hupamhi, akawanda-link mashandiro, uye 4096-QAM modulation.
Nekuwana kune yekuwedzera spectrum zviwanikwa kubva ku6 GHz bhendi, Wi-Fi inogona zvinogoneka kuwedzera yakakura chiteshi hupamhi kusvika ku320 MHz. Iyo chiteshi hupamhi hwe320 MHz inowedzera yakakura bandwidth uye theoretical peak data chiyero nechinhu chemaviri hukama neWi-Fi 6.
Mukushanda kwe-multi-link, zviteshi zvemaklayiti akawanda ane malink avo anoshanda pamwe chete se "multi-link zvishandiso" zvine imwe interface kune network inonzwisisika yekubatanidza control layer. Wi-Fi 7 ichawana mabhendi matatu (2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, uye 6 GHz); Wi-Fi 7 multi-link device inogona kutumira uye kugamuchira data panguva imwe chete mumabhendi akawanda. Iyo yakawanda-link inoshanda ine mukana wekuwedzera kukuru kwekuwedzera, asi inosanganisira mamwe makuru ekuita matambudziko.
Mukushanda kwe-multi-link, mudziyo we-multi-link une kero imwe chete yeMAC nyangwe ichisanganisira inodarika imwe STA (inomirira chiteshi, zvichireva mudziyo wekutaurirana senge laptop kana smartphone)
QAM inomirira quadrature amplitude modulation. Iyi iI/Q modulation scheme umo masanganiswa chaiwo echikamu uye amplitude anoenderana neakasiyana mabhinari akatevedzana. Isu tinokwanisa (mudzidziso) kuwedzera huwandu hwemabhiti anofambiswa pachiratidzo nekuwedzera huwandu hwechikamu/amplitude point mu "constellation" yehurongwa (ona dhairekitori pazasi).
Iyi dhizaini yenyeredzi ye16-QAM. Denderedzwa rega rega riri mundege yakaoma rinomiririra chikamu/amplitude musanganiswa unoenderana neakafanotsanangurwa binary nhamba
Wi-Fi 6 inoshandisa 1024-QAM, inotsigira gumi mabhiti pachiratidzo (nekuti 10 ^ 2 = 10). Iine 1024-QAM modulation, sisitimu inogona kufambisa gumi nemaviri mabhiti pachiratidzo-kana ichikwanisa kuwana yakakwana SNR pane inogamuchira kuti igone kuburitsa budiriro.
Wi-Fi 7 Latency Features:
MAC Layer uye PHY Layer
Chikumbaridzo chekushanda kwakavimbika kwe-chaiyo-nguva zvikumbiro chakanyanya-kesi latency ye5-10 ms; latencies yakaderera se 1 ms inobatsira mune mamwe mamiriro ekushandisa. Kuwana latencies iyi yakaderera munzvimbo yeWi-Fi harisi basa riri nyore.
Zvimiro zvinoshanda pane ese MAC (yepakati yekuwana control) layer uye yemuviri layer (PHY) ichabatsira kuunza Wi-Fi 7 latency performance mu sub-10 ms realm. Izvi zvinosanganisira kuwanda-kusvika poindi yakarongedzerwa beamforming, nguva-inonzwa networking, uye akawanda-link mashandiro.
Zvinhu zvakakosha zveWi-Fi 7
Tsvagiridzo ichangoburwa inoratidza kuti multi-link aggregation, iyo inosanganisirwa mukati memusoro weiyo multi-link mashandiro, inogona kubatsira mukugonesa Wi-Fi 7 kugutsa iyo latency zvinodiwa zvechaiyo-nguva application.
Ramangwana reWi-Fi 7?
Isu hatisati taziva kuti Wi-Fi 7 ichaita sei chaizvo, asi pasina mubvunzo ichasanganisira hutsva hutsva hweRF matekinoroji uye maitiro ekugadzirisa data. Ko yese R&D ichave yakakosha here? Ko Wi-Fi 7 ichashandura isina waya network uye nekunyatso kudzikamisa mashoma asara mabhenefiti eEthernet tambo? Inzwa wakasununguka kugovera zvaunofunga muchikamu chemashoko pazasi.
