1.GPS Positioning
Global Positioning System (GPS) ndi njira yolondola kwambiri yolowera pa wayilesi potengera masatilaiti apadziko lapansi. Itha kupereka malo olondola, liwiro lagalimoto komanso chidziwitso chanthawi yake. GPS yakopa ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri mwatsatanetsatane, nyengo yonse, kufalikira padziko lonse lapansi, kusavuta komanso kusinthasintha.
GPS ndi m'badwo watsopano wa satellite navigation and positioning system yomwe yapangidwa ndi United States kuyambira 1970s ndipo idamalizidwa mu 1994.
GPS Ntchito Mfundo: Mfundo yaikulu ya GPS navigation system ndi kuyeza mtunda pakati pa malo odziwika a satelayiti ndi wolandira wogwiritsa ntchito, ndiyeno kuphatikiza deta ya ma satellite angapo kuti adziwe malo enieni a wolandira.
2.LBS Positioning
The Location Based Service (LBS) nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa ogwiritsa ntchito mafoni am'manja. Ndi ntchito yochokera kumalo komwe imapeza anthu ogwiritsira ntchito mafoni kudzera pa matelefoni, mawayilesi olankhulana ndi oyendetsa mafoni (monga GSM network, CDMA network) kapena njira zakunja (monga GPS). Mothandizidwa ndi nsanja ya GIS (Geographic Information System), imapatsa ogwiritsa ntchito ntchito yowonjezereka ya mautumiki ofanana.
Mfundo Yogwira Ntchito ya LBS: Foni yam'manja imalembetsa SIM khadi, ndipo kudzera pa malo odziwika a siteshoni ndi kusiyana kwa chizindikiro pakati pa module ya Bluetooth ndi malo osiyanasiyana oyambira, malo a foni yam'manja amatha kupezeka kudzera mu ndondomeko yeniyeni.
3.Wi-Fi Real-Time Positioning
Wi-Fi real-time positioning ndi ukadaulo watsopano womwe umagwiritsa ntchito ma netiweki opanda zingwe omwe alipo, okhala ndi gawo la Wi-Fi komanso zida zofananira zama foni yam'manja monga foni yam'manja ya Wi-Fi, PDA, laputopu, ndi zina zambiri, kuphatikizidwa ndi algorithm yofananira, kudziwa komwe kuli anthu ndi zinthu zoyenera.
Wi-Fi Real-Time Positioning Mfundo Yogwira Ntchito: Ukadaulo wa Wi-Fi umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri poyika m'nyumba. Mofanana ndi LBS, gawo lililonse lopanda zingwe ndi AP ili ndi adilesi yapadera yapadziko lonse ya MAC. Wi-Fi ikayatsidwa, chipangizocho chimatha kuyang'ana ndikusonkhanitsa ma AP ozungulira, kaya ndi encrypted kapena ayi, kaya alumikizidwa kapena ayi, pomwe mphamvu ya siginecha sikwanira kuwonetsedwa pamndandanda wopanda zingwe. Mutha kupeza adilesi ya MAC yowulutsidwa ndi AP. Kenaka chipangizocho chimatumiza deta ya AP ku seva ya malo, ndipo seva imapeza malo a AP iliyonse, imagwirizanitsa mphamvu ya chizindikiro, imawerengera malo a chipangizocho, ndikubwezeretsanso kwa ogwiritsa ntchito.
4.iBeacon Positioning
iBeacon ndi ntchito yatsopano yokhala ndi OS (iOS7) pazida zam'manja zomwe Apple idatulutsa mu Seputembala 2013.
iBeacon Positioning Working Mfundo: Pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa Bluetooth low energy, iBeacon base station imatha kupanga malo olumikizirana, ndipo chipangizochi chikalowa m'derali, pulogalamu yofananira idzapangitsa wogwiritsa ntchito kuti alumikizane ndi netiweki yazizindikiro. Ndi masensa ang'onoang'ono opanda zingwe omwe angathe kuikidwa mu chinthu chilichonse ndi teknoloji ya Bluetooth Low Energy, ogwiritsa ntchito angagwiritse ntchito iPhone kufalitsa deta.
Mwachitsanzo, ngati mutalowa m'sitolo m'masitolo akuluakulu ndi iPhone 5s (yothamanga iOS 7 ndikuthandizira iBeacon), zimatanthauzanso kuti mwalowa m'dera la chizindikiro cha iBeacon m'sitolo. IBeacon base station imatha kutumiza zidziwitso zosiyanasiyana ku iPhone yanu, monga makuponi kapena zidziwitso zakusaka m'sitolo, komanso kupereka malingaliro amunthu mukamayenda kupita kuzinthu zina. Mwanjira ina, mkati mwazidziwitso za iBeacon base station, ogwiritsa ntchito atha kupeza zidziwitso za malo ang'onoang'ono ndi zidziwitso kudzera pamafoni awo.
