RTLS ndi chidule cha Real Time Location Systems.
RTLS ndi njira yolumikizira ma radiolocation yomwe imatha kukhala yogwira kapena kungokhala chete. Zina mwa izo, zogwira ntchito zimagawidwa mu AOA (kufika kwa Angle positioning) ndi TDOA (nthawi yofika kusiyana kwa malo), TOA (nthawi yofika), TW-TOF (nthawi yowuluka ya njira ziwiri), NFER (pafupi ndi munda electromagnetic rangeing) ndi zina zotero. pa.
Kulankhula za malo, aliyense ayambe kuganiza za GPS, kutengera GNSS(Global Navigation Satellite System) malo a satana akhala ali paliponse, koma malo a satellite ali ndi malire ake: chizindikiro sichingalowe mnyumbamo kuti ikwaniritse malo amkati.
Ndiye, momwe mungathetsere vuto loyika m'nyumba?
Ndi chitukuko chosalekeza cha msika wapanyumba wofuna kuyendetsedwa ndi ukadaulo wolumikizirana opanda zingwe, ukadaulo wozindikiritsa kachipangizo ndi ukadaulo waukulu wolumikizana ndi data, intaneti ya Zinthu ndi matekinoloje ena, vutoli lathetsedwa pang'onopang'ono, ndipo unyolo wa mafakitale wakhala ukulemeretsedwa mosalekeza komanso okhwima.
Tekinoloje yoyika m'nyumba ya Bluetooth
Ukadaulo wamkati wa Bluetooth ndikugwiritsa ntchito malo angapo ofikira a Bluetooth LAN omwe adayikidwa mchipindacho, kusunga maukonde ngati njira yolumikizirana ndi ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti malo ofikira a Bluetooth LAN nthawi zonse ndiye chida chachikulu cha netiweki yaying'ono, ndi kenako pindani katatu mfundo yakhungu yomwe yangowonjezedwa poyesa mphamvu ya chizindikiro.
Pakadali pano, pali njira ziwiri zazikulu zopezera Bluetooth iBeacon: kutengera RSSI (chizindikiro champhamvu champhamvu) komanso kutengera kuyika zala, kapena kuphatikiza zonse ziwiri.
Vuto lalikulu kwambiri lochokera patali ndilokuti malo amkati ndi ovuta, ndipo Bluetooth, monga chizindikiro cha 2.4GHZ yapamwamba-frequency, idzasokonezedwa kwambiri. Kuphatikiza pa zowonetsera zosiyanasiyana zamkati ndi zotsutsa, misinkhu ya RSSI yopezedwa ndi mafoni am'manja sizofunikira kwambiri; Panthawi imodzimodziyo, pofuna kukonza kulondola kwa malo, mtengo wa RSSI uyenera kupezedwa kangapo kuti ukhale wosalala, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kuchedwa kumawonjezeka. Vuto lalikulu kwambiri lotengera kuyika zala zala ndikuti mtengo wantchito ndi nthawi yopezera zala zala kumayambiriro ndizokwera kwambiri, ndipo kukonza nkhokwe kumakhala kovuta. Ndipo ngati sitolo iwonjezera siteshoni yatsopano kapena kusintha zina, deta yoyambirira ya zala mwina sikugwiranso ntchito. Chifukwa chake, momwe mungayezerere ndikusankha pakati pa kulondola kwa malo, kuchedwa ndi mtengo wakhala nkhani yayikulu pakuyika kwa Bluetooth.
Zoipa: Kutumiza kwa Bluetooth sikumakhudzidwa ndi mzere wowonekera, koma kwa malo ovuta, kukhazikika kwa dongosolo la Bluetooth kumakhala kosauka pang'ono, kusokonezedwa ndi zizindikiro za phokoso, ndipo mtengo wa zipangizo za Bluetooth ndi zipangizo ndizokwera mtengo;
Kugwiritsa ntchito: Kuyika m'nyumba kwa Bluetooth kumagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka popeza anthu pamalo ang'onoang'ono, monga holo yansanjika imodzi kapena sitolo.
Ukadaulo wamalo a Wi-Fi
Pali mitundu iwiri yaukadaulo waukadaulo wa WiFi, imodzi ndi mphamvu yamawu opanda zingwe pazida zam'manja ndi malo atatu olumikizira netiweki opanda zingwe, kudzera mu aligorivimu yosiyana, kutanthauzira molondola malo a anthu ndi magalimoto. Chinanso ndi kulemba mphamvu ya chizindikiro cha chiwerengero chachikulu cha malo omwe amatsimikiziridwa pasadakhale, poyerekezera mphamvu ya chizindikiro cha zipangizo zomwe zangowonjezeredwa kumene ndi deta yaikulu ya deta kuti mudziwe malo.
Ubwino: kulondola kwakukulu, mtengo wotsika wa Hardware, kuchuluka kwa kufala; Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti ikwaniritse ntchito zazikuluzikulu zoyika, kuyang'anira ndi kutsatira.
Zoyipa: Mtunda wamfupi wotumizira, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri, nthawi zambiri topology ya nyenyezi.
Ntchito :Kuyika kwa WiFi ndikoyenera kuyikika ndikuyenda kwa anthu kapena magalimoto, ndipo kumatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'mabungwe azachipatala, mapaki amitu, mafakitale, malo ogulitsira ndi zina zomwe zimafunikira kuyimitsidwa ndikuyenda.
RFID indoor positioning technology
Radio frequency identification (RFID) indoor positioning technology imagwiritsa ntchito ma radio frequency mode, antenna yokhazikika kuti isinthe ma radio mu gawo la electromagnetic field, cholembapo chomwe chimamangiriridwa pa chinthucho mu maginito pambuyo pa kulowetsa kwaposachedwa kutulutsa deta, kuti kusinthanitsa deta mu njira ziwiri zolankhulirana kuti mukwaniritse cholinga chozindikiritsa ndi katatu.
Chizindikiritso cha Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) ndiukadaulo wolumikizirana opanda zingwe womwe umatha kuzindikira chandamale ndi ma siginecha a wayilesi ndikuwerenga ndikulemba zofananira popanda kufunikira kokhazikitsa kulumikizana kwamakina kapena kuwala pakati pa chizindikiritso ndi chandamale.
Mawayilesi amatumiza deta kuchokera pa tagi yolumikizidwa ku chinthucho kudzera pagawo lamagetsi lolumikizidwa ndi mawayilesi kuti azindikire ndikutsata chinthucho. Zolemba zina zikazindikirika, mphamvu zimatha kupezedwa kuchokera kugawo lamagetsi lotulutsidwa ndi chozindikiritsa, ndipo mabatire safunikira; Palinso ma tag omwe ali ndi mphamvu zawozawo ndipo amatha kutulutsa mafunde a wailesi (magawo amagetsi osinthidwa ndi ma radio frequency). Ma tag ali ndi zidziwitso zosungidwa pakompyuta zomwe zitha kudziwika mkati mwa mita pang'ono. Mosiyana ndi ma bar code, ma tag a RF safunikira kukhala pamzere wa chizindikiritso ndipo amathanso kuyikidwa mu chinthu chomwe chikutsatiridwa.
Ubwino: Ukadaulo wa RFID woyika m'nyumba uli pafupi kwambiri, koma ukhoza kupeza chidziwitso cholondola cha centimita mumamilimita angapo; Kukula kwa chizindikirocho ndi kochepa, ndipo mtengo wake ndi wotsika.
Zoipa: palibe luso loyankhulana, luso loletsa kusokoneza, losavuta kuphatikizira mu machitidwe ena, ndipo chitetezo cha wogwiritsa ntchito ndi chitetezo chachinsinsi ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa mayiko si zangwiro.
Kugwiritsa ntchito: Kuyika kwa RFID m'nyumba kwakhala kukugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'malo osungiramo zinthu, m'mafakitale, m'malo ogulitsira katundu, malo ogulitsa katundu.
Zigbee indoor positioning teknoloji
ZigBee (otsika mphamvu LAN protocol yochokera IEEE802.15.4 muyezo) m'nyumba malo ukadaulo kupanga maukonde pakati angapo mfundo kuyesedwa ndi mfundo mfundo ndi chipata. Ma node oti ayesedwe pa netiweki amatumiza zidziwitso zowulutsa, sonkhanitsani deta kuchokera kumalo aliwonse oyandikana nawo, ndikusankha ma X ndi Y omwe amalumikizana nawo ndi chizindikiro champhamvu kwambiri. Kenaka, makonzedwe a mfundo zina zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi node yofotokozera zimawerengedwa. Potsirizira pake, deta yomwe ili mu injini yoyikirayi imakonzedwa, ndipo mtengo wamtengo wapatali kuchokera ku node yapafupi kwambiri imaganiziridwa kuti ipeze malo enieni a node yoyesedwa mu intaneti yaikulu.
ZigBee protocol wosanjikiza kuchokera pansi kupita pamwamba ndi wosanjikiza thupi (PHY), media access layer (MAC), network layer (NWK), application layer (APL) ndi zina zotero. Zida zamagetsi zili ndi maudindo atatu: ZigBee Coordinator, ZigBee Router, ndi ZigBee End Chipangizo. Ma network topology amatha kukhala nyenyezi, mtengo, ndi maukonde.
Ubwino: kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa, zotsika mtengo, kuchedwa kwakanthawi, mphamvu zambiri komanso chitetezo chambiri, mtunda wautali wotumizira; Itha kuthandizira ma topology a netiweki, topology yamitengo ndi kapangidwe ka nyenyezi, maukonde amatha kusintha, ndipo amatha kuzindikira kutumizirana ma hop ambiri.
Zoipa: Mlingo wotumizira ndi wochepa, ndipo kulondola kwa malo kumafuna ma aligorivimu apamwamba.
Ntchito: zigbee system positioning yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakuyika m'nyumba, kuyang'anira mafakitale, kuyang'anira zachilengedwe, kuwongolera nyumba mwanzeru ndi magawo ena.
UWB poyika ukadaulo
Ukadaulo wa Ultra wideband (UWB) ndiukadaulo watsopano, womwe ndi wosiyana kwambiri ndi ukadaulo wanthawi zonse wolumikizirana. Imagwiritsa ntchito ma nangula okonzedweratu ndi ma mlatho omwe ali ndi malo odziwika kuti alankhule ndi ma node akhungu omwe angowonjezeredwa kumene, ndipo amagwiritsa ntchito katatu kapena "zala zala" kuti adziwe malo.
Ukadaulo wa Ultra-wideband wopanda zingwe (UWB) ndiukadaulo wapamwamba kwambiri wamkati wopanda zingwe womwe waperekedwa m'zaka zaposachedwa, wokhala ndi mulingo wapamwamba wanthawi ya danosecond, wophatikizidwa ndi nthawi yofika yotengera nthawi yoyambira, mwaukadaulo imatha kufikira kulondola kwa masentimita, zomwe zingakwaniritse zosowa zamakampani.
Dongosolo lonse lagawidwa m'magawo atatu: kusanjikiza kasamalidwe, gawo lautumiki ndi gawo lamunda. Ulamuliro wadongosolo umagawidwa momveka bwino ndipo kapangidwe kake kakuwoneka bwino.
Gawo lamunda limapangidwa ndi malo a Anchor point ndi Tag:
· Pezani Anchor
Nangula wamalo amawerengera mtunda pakati pa Tag ndi iyo yokha, ndikutumiza mapaketi kubwerera ku injini yowerengera malo muwaya kapena WLAN mode.
· Tag Yamalo
Chizindikirocho chimalumikizidwa ndi munthu ndi chinthu chomwe chilipo, chimalumikizana ndi Anchor ndikuwulutsa malo ake.
Ubwino: GHz bandwidth, kulondola kwakukulu kwa malo; Kulowa mwamphamvu, zotsatira zabwino zotsutsana ndi njira zambiri, chitetezo chachikulu.
Zoyipa: Chifukwa node yakhungu yomwe yangowonjezeredwa kumene imafunikiranso kulumikizana mwachangu, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kumakhala kwakukulu, ndipo mtengo wake ndi wokwera.
Ntchito: Ukadaulo wa Ultra-wideband ungagwiritsidwe ntchito pozindikira radar, komanso kuyika bwino m'nyumba ndikuyenda m'magawo osiyanasiyana.
Akupanga malo dongosolo
The ultrasonic positioning teknoloji imachokera ku ultrasonic rangeing system ndipo imapangidwa ndi angapo transponders ndi main rangefinder: main rangefinder imayikidwa pa chinthu chomwe chiyenera kuyezedwa, transponder imatumiza chizindikiro chomwecho cha wailesi kumalo okhazikika a transponder, the transponder imatumiza chizindikiro cha akupanga kupita ku main rangefinder atalandira chizindikirocho, ndipo amagwiritsa ntchito njira yowunikira komanso njira ya triangulation kuti adziwe komwe kuli chinthucho.
Ubwino: Kulondola kwa malo onse ndikokwera kwambiri, kufika pamlingo wa centimita; Kapangidwe kake ndi kosavuta, kamakhala ndi malowedwe ena ndipo akupanga wokha ali ndi mphamvu yotsutsa-kusokoneza.
Zoipa: kuchepa kwakukulu mumlengalenga, osati koyenera pazochitika zazikulu; Kulingalira kumakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kuchulukitsitsa kwapang'onopang'ono komanso kufalikira kosagwirizana ndi mawonekedwe, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale ndalama zopangira zida zoyambira zomwe zimafunikira kusanthula kolondola ndi kuwerengera, ndipo mtengo wake ndi wokwera kwambiri.
Ntchito: Akupanga masanjidwe luso wakhala ankagwiritsa ntchito zolembera digito, ndi luso zimenezi amagwiritsidwanso ntchito m'mphepete mwa nyanja ziyembekezo, ndi m'nyumba udindo luso zimagwiritsa ntchito kwa chinthu udindo mu misonkhano unmanned.
