An haife shi a cikin 1997, Wi-Fi ya shafi rayuwar ɗan adam fiye da kowane mashahurin Gen Z. Tsayawan ci gabanta da balagarta sannu a hankali sun 'yantar da haɗin yanar gizo daga tsohuwar tsarin igiyoyi da masu haɗin kai har ta kai ga samun damar Intanet ta hanyar sadarwa mara waya-wani abu da ba za a iya zato ba a kwanakin bugun kira- galibi ana ɗaukarsa a banza.
Na isa in tuna latsa mai gamsarwa wanda filogi na RJ45 ya nuna haɗin kai mai nasara zuwa ga saurin faɗaɗa kan layi. A zamanin yau ba ni da ɗan buƙatu don RJ45s, kuma ƙwararrun matasan da na sani na ƙila ba su san wanzuwarsu ba.
A cikin shekarun 60s da 70s, AT&T sun haɓaka tsarin haɗin kai na zamani don maye gurbin manyan masu haɗin waya. Waɗannan tsarin daga baya sun faɗaɗa zuwa haɗa da RJ45 don sadarwar kwamfuta
Zaɓin Wi-Fi tsakanin jama'a gabaɗaya ba abin mamaki bane; Abubuwan igiyoyin Ethernet suna kama da kusan dabbanci idan aka kwatanta da ingantacciyar dacewa ta mara waya. Amma a matsayin injiniyan da ya damu kawai da aikin datalink, har yanzu ina ganin Wi-Fi a matsayin ƙasa da haɗin waya. Shin 802.11 zai kawo Wi-Fi mataki-ko watakila ma tsalle-kusa da murkushe Ethernet gaba ɗaya?
Takaitaccen Gabatarwa ga Ka'idodin Wi-Fi: Wi-Fi 6 da Wi-Fi 7
Wi-Fi 6 shine sunan da aka fitar don IEEE 802.11ax. An amince da shi cikakke a farkon 2021, kuma yana fa'ida daga sama da shekaru ashirin na haɓaka haɓakawa a cikin ka'idar 802.11, Wi-Fi 6 ƙaƙƙarfan ma'auni ne wanda bai bayyana a matsayin ɗan takara don sauyawa cikin sauri ba.
Rubutun shafi daga Qualcomm ya taƙaita Wi-Fi 6 a matsayin "tarin fasali da ka'idoji waɗanda ke nufin tuki da yawa bayanai gwargwadon iko zuwa na'urori da yawa a lokaci guda." Wi-Fi 6 ya gabatar da iyakoki daban-daban na ci gaba waɗanda ke haɓaka inganci da haɓaka kayan aiki, gami da yawan yawan yanki, haɓaka MIMO mai amfani da yawa, da rarrabuwar fakitin bayanai.
Wi-Fi 6 ya haɗa da fasahar OFDMA (yanayin mitar rabe-raben dama da yawa), wanda ke ƙara haɓaka iya gani a cikin mahallin masu amfani da yawa.
Me yasa, to, ƙungiyar aiki ta 802.11 ta riga ta yi kyau kan hanyarta don haɓaka sabon ma'auni? Me yasa muka riga muna ganin kanun labarai game da nunin Wi-Fi 7 na farko? Duk da tarin fasahar rediyo na zamani, ana ganin Wi-Fi 6, aƙalla a wasu ɓangarorin, a matsayin rashin ƙarfi ta fuskoki biyu masu mahimmanci: ƙimar bayanai da latency.
Ta hanyar haɓaka ƙimar bayanai da aikin latency na Wi-Fi 6, masu ginin Wi-Fi 7 suna fatan isar da sauri, santsi, ingantaccen ƙwarewar mai amfani wanda har yanzu ana samun sauƙin samu tare da igiyoyin Ethernet.
Adadin Bayanai vs. Latencies Game da Ka'idojin Wi-Fi
Wi-Fi 6 yana goyan bayan ƙimar watsa bayanai yana gabatowa 10 Gbps. Ko wannan "ya isa" a cikakkiyar ma'ana tambaya ce mai mahimmanci. Koyaya, a cikin ma'anar dangi, ƙimar bayanan Wi-Fi 6 ba su da ƙarfi sosai: Wi-Fi 5 ta sami haɓakar ƙimar bayanai cikin ɗari-dubu ɗaya idan aka kwatanta da wanda ya gabace ta, yayin da Wi-Fi 6 ya ƙaru da ƙasa da kashi hamsin. idan aka kwatanta da Wi-Fi 5.
Matsakaicin ƙimar bayanan rafi tabbas ba cikakkiyar hanya ce ta ƙididdige “gudun” haɗin hanyar sadarwa ba, amma yana da mahimmanci isa ya dace da kulawar waɗanda ke da alhakin ci gaban kasuwancin Wi-Fi.
Kwatanta tsararraki uku da suka gabata na ka'idojin cibiyar sadarwar Wi-Fi
Latency a matsayin babban ra'ayi yana nufin jinkiri tsakanin shigarwa da amsawa.
A cikin mahallin haɗin yanar gizon, rashin jinkirin wuce gona da iri na iya lalata ƙwarewar mai amfani gwargwadon (ko ma fiye da) ƙayyadaddun ƙimar bayanai - watsawar matakin-tsari-sauri ba ya taimaka muku da yawa idan kuna jira daƙiƙa biyar kafin shafin yanar gizon yanar gizo. fara lodi. Latency yana da mahimmanci musamman ga aikace-aikacen ainihin-lokaci kamar taron taron bidiyo, gaskiyar kama-da-wane, wasan kwaikwayo, da sarrafa kayan aiki mai nisa. Masu amfani kawai suna da haƙuri sosai don bidiyoyi masu kyalli, wasanni mara kyau, da mu'amalar inji.
Wi-Fi 7's Data rate and Latency
Rahoton Izinin Ayyukan na IEEE 802.11be ya haɗa da haɓaka ƙimar bayanai da rage jinkiri a matsayin maƙasudai bayyane. Bari mu dubi waɗannan hanyoyin haɓakawa guda biyu.
Ƙididdigar Bayanai da Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararru
Masu gine-ginen Wi-Fi 7 suna son ganin iyakar abin da ake samarwa na akalla 30 Gbps. Ba mu san waɗanne siffofi da dabaru za a haɗa su cikin ƙa'idodin 802.11be da aka kammala ba, amma wasu daga cikin 'yan takarar da suka fi dacewa don haɓaka ƙimar bayanai sune faɗin tashar tashar 320 MHz, aikin haɗin kai da yawa, da daidaitawar 4096-QAM.
Tare da samun damar samun ƙarin albarkatun bakan daga rukunin 6 GHz, Wi-Fi na iya yuwuwar ƙara matsakaicin faɗin tashar zuwa 320 MHz. Nisa tashoshi na 320 MHz yana haɓaka matsakaicin bandwidth da ƙimar mafi girman bayanai ta kashi biyu dangane da Wi-Fi 6.
A cikin ayyukan haɗin kai da yawa, tashoshin abokan ciniki da yawa tare da nasu hanyoyin haɗin gwiwa suna aiki tare azaman “na'urori masu haɗin kai da yawa” waɗanda ke da hanyar sadarwa guda ɗaya zuwa layin sarrafa ma'ana ta hanyar sadarwa. Wi-Fi 7 zai sami damar yin amfani da makada uku (2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, da 6 GHz); na'urar haɗin Wi-Fi 7 da yawa na iya aikawa da karɓar bayanai lokaci guda a cikin makada da yawa. Ayyukan haɗin kai da yawa yana da yuwuwar haɓakar manyan kayan aiki, amma yana haifar da ƙalubalen aiwatarwa.
A cikin ayyukan haɗin kai da yawa, na'ura mai haɗin gwiwa yana da adireshin MAC guda ɗaya ko da yake ya haɗa da STA fiye da ɗaya (wanda ke tsaye ga tashar, ma'ana na'urar sadarwa kamar kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka ko smartphone)
QAM yana tsaye ne don daidaita girman girman ma'auni. Wannan tsari ne na daidaitawa na I/Q wanda takamaiman haɗe-haɗe na lokaci da girma ya dace da jerin binariyoyi daban-daban. Za mu iya (a cikin ka'idar) ƙara adadin raƙuman raƙuman da aka watsa ta kowace alama ta ƙara adadin lokaci/mafi girman maki a cikin “constellation” na tsarin (duba zanen da ke ƙasa).
Wannan hoton taurari ne na 16-QAM. Kowane da'irar a kan hadadden jirgin sama yana wakiltar haɗin lokaci/girma wanda yayi daidai da ƙayyadadden lambar binary
Wi-Fi 6 yana amfani da 1024-QAM, wanda ke goyan bayan 10 ragowa kowace alama (saboda 2^10 = 1024). Tare da daidaitawar 4096-QAM, tsarin zai iya watsa ragi 12 a kowace alama-idan zai iya cimma isasshiyar SNR a mai karɓa don ba da damar haɓakar nasara.
Wi-Fi 7 Abubuwan Latency:
MAC Layer da PHY Layer
Ƙofar don ingantaccen aiki na aikace-aikacen lokaci-lokaci shine mafi munin rashin jinkiri na 5-10 ms; latencies ƙasa da 1 ms suna da fa'ida a wasu yanayin amfani. Samun latencies wannan ƙarancin a cikin yanayin Wi-Fi ba abu ne mai sauƙi ba.
Siffofin da ke aiki a duka Layer MAC (matsakaicin ikon samun dama) da Layer na zahiri (PHY) zasu taimaka don kawo aikin jinkirin Wi-Fi 7 zuwa cikin sub-10 ms. Waɗannan sun haɗa da haɗaɗɗun madaidaicin madaidaicin madaidaicin madauri, hanyar sadarwar lokaci-lokaci, da aikin haɗin kai da yawa.
Muhimman abubuwan Wi-Fi 7
Bincike na baya-bayan nan ya nuna cewa tara hanyoyin haɗin kai, wanda aka haɗa a cikin babban jigo na ayyukan haɗin kai da yawa, na iya zama kayan aiki don ba da damar Wi-Fi 7 don biyan buƙatun latency na aikace-aikacen ainihin-lokaci.
Makomar Wi-Fi 7?
Har yanzu ba mu san ainihin yadda Wi-Fi 7 za ta yi kama ba, amma babu shakka zai ƙunshi sabbin fasahohin RF masu ban sha'awa da dabarun sarrafa bayanai. Shin duk R&D zai zama darajarsa? Shin Wi-Fi 7 zai canza hanyar sadarwar mara waya kuma ta kawar da sauran fa'idodin kebul na Ethernet? Jin kyauta don raba ra'ayoyin ku a cikin sashin sharhin da ke ƙasa.
